6.2 Market Manipulation Techniques

The price's forgery (the manipulation's mechanics — the exam's techniques):1. Wash trades (the same beneficial owner's buy-and-sell — the volume's fake).2. Matched orders (the accomplices' offsetting orders — the price's agreed fiction).3. Marking the close / painting the tape (the session's end-trades to fix the closing price — the valuation-and-margin's target).4. Cornering (the security's-or-supply's control — the squeeze on the shorts-and-buyers).5. Ramping-and-capping (the sustained buying-or-selling to start the momentum — the herd's herding).6. The rumour-and-tip campaigns (the false news' seeding — the social-media era's acceleration).7. The spoofing-and-layering (the fake orders' placement-and-cancellation — the algorithmic era's faces).8. The index-and-basket games (the heavy scrips' driving to move the whole market — the NEPSE's banking-heavy index's particular vulnerability).