4.2 Nepalese Experience on Carrier's Liability

The treaty track (verified): Nepal acceded to the Warsaw Convention and the HagueProtocol on 12 February 1966 (the party from 13 May 1966) — the old regime's long tenure; the 1999 Montreal Convention's accession approved by the House of Representatives on23 August 2018 — with the accession's completion (the instrument's deposit) still pending in the years since (the 2024-era reports' status) — the exam-safe statement: the Warsaw-Hague regime governs Nepal's international carriage in the interim, with the Montreal accession's processlong-running. The domestic flights: the Warsaw-Hague liability applied domestically throughCAAN's Air Operator Certificate Requirements 2012 (the regulator's manual — the domestic carriage's borrowed caps: the policy's oddity-and-pragmatism). The experience's record (thehonest audit): the crash-and-claims history — the international disasters at-and-around Kathmandu's tricky valley (the 1992 crashes' era: the PIA-and-Thai tragedies' compensation questions; the 2018 US-Bangla crash (51 deaths — the settlement-and-insurance processes; the modern claims' template)) and the domestic losses' sad ledger (the terrain-and-weather accidents; the compensation levels' criticism against the Montreal-standard's neighbours); the insurance-and- claims practice (the carriers' policies; the settlement's speed-or-delay); and the reform's agenda (the Montreal completion + the domestic liability legislation — the long-promised separate law for the domestic carriage's compensation: the exam's forward-looking note).