1. Literal/grammatical — the words' ordinary meaning (the primary rule, U3.1.1).
2. Logical/purposive — the object's search (the mischief-and-purpose family).
3. Systematic/harmonious — the statute read whole, the provisions reconciled.
4. Historical — the setting's consultation (the extrinsic aids of U2.2).
5. Teleological/progressive — the living-instrument reading (the constitution's modern school, U5.1.4).
6. Doctrinal — the interpretation through the settled doctrines (the presumptions and maxims of Units 3–6).