5.4 Role of International Tribunals

1. The Nuremberg Tribunal (1945-46): the Axis leaders' trial — the crimes-against-peace, war crimes, crimes against humanity's first adjudication; the individual responsibility's establishment; the fair-trial criticisms-and-legacy; the Tokyo Tribunal's parallel (the Far East's faces; the dissents' lore).2. The ICTY (1993-2017): the Security Council's ad hoc creation (the Yugoslavia's wars); the jurisprudence's richness (the Tadic's NIAC recognition; the Furundzija's torture line; the Srebrenica genocide's findings); the completion's faces (the residual mechanism).3. The ICTR (1994-2015): the Rwanda's genocide's tribunal; the Akayesu's rape-as-genocide landmark; the media case's incitement line; the Arusha's location's significance.4. The hybrids' line: the Special Court for Sierra Leone (the Taylor's conviction); the ECCC (the Cambodia's Khmer Rouge); the Kosovo-and-Lebanon faces — the mixed model's experiment.