2.2 Avoiding Unethical Practices in Academia and Plagiarism

The unethical practices' catalogue: the plagiarism (the others' words-and-ideas as one's own — the theft's forms: the copy, the close paraphrase, the patchwork, the self-plagiarism); the fabrication (the invented sources-and-data); the falsification (the altered results); the unauthorized collaboration; the AI-assisted drafting's undisclosed use (the newest face — the institution's policies). The avoidance's discipline: the notes' hygiene (the source's words marked from the first); the citation's habit (the idea credited wherever found); the paraphrase's honesty (the real re- writing, not the synonym-swapping); the draft's check (the originality tools-and-the own reading). (The fuller treatment: Seminar-I (LAW5506, S6) Unit 5 — the shared foundation.)