1.1 Nature, Meaning, Scope, Evolution, Role and Features of LabourJurisprudence

Labour law — the employment's law: the worker-and-employer relation's regulation (the individual relation: the contract's terms — the wages, the hours, the security; the collective relation: the unions, the bargaining, the disputes). The nature: the protective law (the unequal- bargaining-power correction — the contract's fiction of equality answered); the social-law character (the labour-and-social-justice constitution); the mixed sources (the statutes, the collective agreements, the customs, the jurisprudence). The evolution's stages: the laissez- faire's darkness (the industrial revolution's exploitation — the child labour, the factory hours) → the protective legislation (the factory acts' line — the state's first interventions) → the collective era (the unions' legalisation; the bargaining's institutionalisation) → the welfare-and-rights era (the social security; the constitutional-and-international rights) → the modern challenges (the gig economy, the informal sector, the global supply chains). The role: the labour's protection + the industrial peace (the production's stability) + the social justice's delivery. The features: the mandatory-minimums (the parties' inability to contract-below); the specialised machinery (the labour courts, the inspectors); the dynamic growth (the new forms of work).