6.4 Evolving Trends on Social Security in Nepal

1. The Social Security Act 2074's arrival — the contributory scheme's historic first (the Social Security Fund's operation: the medical-treatment-family-maternity-disability-old-age packages; the contribution's rates).2. The coverage's reality — the formal sector's reach vs the informal's gap (the 80-plus-% informality — the extension's challenge: the informal-workers' schemes (the agriculture's-and- migrants' faces)).3. The migrant's gap — the remitters' exclusion (the destination-countries' schemes' non- portability — the bilateral-faces' advocacy).4. The constitutional promise — the social security's right (Art 43's verified face) → the universalism's trajectory (the debates: the contributory vs the tax-funded).5. The schemes' administration — the fund's investment-and-solvency (the sustainability questions); the delivery's digitalisation.