5.2 Qualifying Requirements for Copyright Protection

1. **The originality (the work's own-ness (the sweat-of-the-brow vs the creativity's minimum (the standards' debate))).2. **The fixation (the tangible form (the written-recorded-digitised)); the ideas' exclusion (the non-copyright (the facts-and-news (the news's free-flow principle (the media's core carve-out: the facts-not-owned (the expression-only rule)))).3. **The authorship's eligibility (the person-and-the-qualification faces (the national-treatment (the Berne-and-TRIPS frames (the LAW5602-U6 companion)))).4. **The term (the protection's duration (the life-plus-50/70 world (the Act's term faces (the post- mortem protection (the renewal-era's history)))).5. **The formalities' absence (the no-deposit-no-notice principle (the voluntary-registration's evidentiary-only role (the copyright-registration's optional record))).