A criminal case in Nepal moves through fixed stages: commission of the offence; First Information Report (FIR) or complaint; investigation by police under the Muluki Criminal Procedure Code, 2074; arrest and production before the authority within 24 hours (Article 20(3) of the Constitution); charge-sheet (abhiyogpatra) by the government attorney; trial before the District Court; appeal to the High Court; and appeal or review to the Supreme Court. The moot problem will place the student at one of these stages.
| Court | Constitutional basis | Role in the criminal chain |
|---|---|---|
| District Court | Art 148, 151 | Trial of offences; habeas corpus |
| High Court | Art 139, 144 | Appeals and writs |
| Supreme Court | Art 129, 133 | Final appeals; writs; review |