2.4 Population Management Issues and Challenges in Nepal

1. The fertility fall's paradox: families are smaller, but son-preference lingers (sex-ratio anxieties; the missing-girl question).2. Youth unemployment + migration: the dividend draining abroad — remittance-fed but hollowing (villages of the elderly; single women managing households — the feminization of the hills).3. Urban crush: the Kathmandu Valley's over-concentration versus under-serviced secondary cities.4. Data lag: registration gaps (births unregistered — especially among migrants and marginalized groups) distort planning.5. Federal coordination: three tiers, one people — who plans what (the National Statistics Office's unifying role, Unit 9).6. Adolescent health and rights: the unfinished agenda of information and services.7. Disasters and displacement: earthquakes and floods reshaping settlement faster than plans do.