4.3 National Statistical System

4.3.1 Statistical Act, 2079The system's constitution: the National Statistics Office (NSO) as the apex — official statistics' custodian: census, national accounts, surveys, classification standards, and coordination of the statistical system across ministries (the "one number, one truth" principle against competing official figures). The Act's balance: compulsory response + strict confidentiality + quality standards.4.3.2 The National Identity Card and Registration Act, 2076The digital identity layer: the national identity card (biometric national ID) and its registration system — every citizen's unique identity number and card. Demographic significance:1. Identity integrity: one citizen, one number (citizenship, voter, and service records linked).2. Service delivery's spine: the ID as the public-services key (banking, social security, health insurance interfaces).3. Statistical dividend: the ID registry as a live population register — the census's between- rounds companion (the register-based statistics future).4. Privacy's frontier: the data-protection question that a national ID always drags in its wake (the privacy framework studied in Cyber Law, LAW5705).