LAW5606 Labour Law — Unit 6: Provisions on Social Security

Unit 6: Provisions on Social Security

6.1 Provident Fund

The savings’ institution: the worker’s-and-employer’s contributions (the monthly percentages — the fund’s accumulation); the interest’s accrual (the annual faces); the withdrawal’s rules (the retirement-and-resignation; the housing-medical-emergencies’ partial faces); the portability (the job-change’s transfer); the employer’s matching duty (the benefit’s compulsory character).

6.2 Gratuity

The service’s reward: the long-service benefit (the qualifying years; the month-per-year calculation — the half-month’s faces lore); the employer’s funding (the company’s own liability — the PFS’s distinction: the PF’s contributory vs the gratuity’s employer-borne); the payment’s timing (the termination’s settlement — the clearance’s component).

6.3 Workman’s Compensation

The injury’s answer: the employer’s liability for the work-connected injury-death (the no-fault compensation — the Act’s schedules); the medical-care’s duty (the treatment’s costs); the disablement’s scales (the permanent-partial-and-total; the dependants’ death benefit); the historical lore (the Workmen’s Compensation Act’s era — the doctrine’s origins) + the modern face (the Labour Act 2074’s compensation provisions + the Social Security’s accident-medical faces); the insurance’s interface (the employer’s liability covers — the Insurance course’s companion).

6.4 Evolving Trends on Social Security in Nepal

1. The Social Security Act 2074’s arrival — the contributory scheme’s historic first (the Social Security Fund’s operation: the medical-treatment-family-maternity-disability-old-age packages; the contribution’s rates).
2. The coverage’s reality — the formal sector’s reach vs the informal’s gap (the 80-plus-% informality — the extension’s challenge: the informal-workers’ schemes (the agriculture’s-and-migrants’ faces)).
3. The migrant’s gap — the remitters’ exclusion (the destination-countries’ schemes’ non-portability — the bilateral-faces’ advocacy).
4. The constitutional promise — the social security’s right (Art 43’s verified face) → the universalism’s trajectory (the debates: the contributory vs the tax-funded).
5. The schemes’ administration — the fund’s investment-and-solvency (the sustainability questions); the delivery’s digitalisation.

Model Questions

1. Explain the provident fund, gratuity and workman’s compensation. (15)
2. Discuss the evolving trends of social security in Nepal. (10)

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