6.2 Guthi Corporation Act, 2033 (1976) — The Endowment Regime

The guthi system's corporate reorganization: the Guthi Sansthan (Guthi Corporation) — the statutory body owning/managing the sanjhya guthi (public/government-endowed guthi) lands: collecting the rents and dues, maintaining the religious sites and festivals the endowments fund; the guthis' registration and their endowments' records; the guthiyar's role in the private (nichhe) guthis continuing alongside; the guthi land's transfer restrictions; the recovery of encroached endowment land. The design's tension (the running theme): centralized management's efficiency vs. the local religious community's alienation from its own endowment — the 2019 guthi-land controversy (the government's attempted legislation on guthi land triggering mass protest and withdrawal) as the live illustration. The Act's amendment history: the piecemeal adjustments of the Corporation's powers and the trust-oversight's modernization (the Civil Code 2074's trust provisions and the Nepal Trust Act 2064 completing the architecture).