6.2 Kinds of Punishment — and the Procedure

The punishment's ladder (the progressive discipline — the proportionality's rule): The warning (the verbal-and-written — the first rung); The fine (the monetary — the deductions' statutory limits); The withholding of increments/promotion (the career's discipline — the graduated responses); The suspension (the temporary exclusion — the disciplinary suspension distinct from the pending-inquiry suspension; the subsistence allowance's faces); The demotion (the rank's reduction); The termination/dismissal (the ultimate punishment — the employment's end; the dismissal for the grave misconduct vs the termination with the benefits). The proportionality's discipline: the punishment must fit the misconduct (the trivial wrong's dismissal the excessive-and-void face; the graduated response the law's preference — the prescribed-case era's lesson: the illegal strike's participation punished by the increment-withholding, not the dismissal). The procedure (the natural justice's application — the exam's core): The explanation (the right of representation): the show-cause notice — the charge's communication (the specific allegations; the evidence's indication); the worker's written explanation (the reply's opportunity — the hearing's first face); The domestic inquiry: the explanation's unsatisfactory answer — the inquiry's convening (the inquiry officer/committee); the charges' framing (the formal specification); the evidence's examination (the witnesses, the documents — the worker's right to cross- examine-and-represent; the worker's representative — the union's assistance); the inquiry's record (the findings' reasoning); the natural-justice discipline (the bias's rule — nemo judex; the hearing's rule…