4.2 Types of Punishment

The catalogue (the Nepali law's faces + the comparative menu): Capital punishment — the death penalty: the world's abolition-and-retention map; Nepal: ABOLISHED (the constitutional bar — the first South Asian abolitionist; the 2047 Constitution's line's continuation); Imprisonment — the custodial core: the rigorous vs the simple; the fixed-term vs the life (the Nepali life's 20-to-25-year operational face per the 2074 Sentencing Act's machinery); the solitary-and-segregation's restricted use; Fine — the money penalty: the principal-and-in-default faces (the imprisonment-in-lieu's problem — the poor's punishment's critique); Compensation-and-restitution — the victim's reparation (the Crime Victim Protection Act 2075's fund-and-rights face — the restorative turn); Community service — the 2074 Sentencing Act's modern face (the unpaid public work as the prison's substitute — the petty offender's alternative); Probation — the suspended sentence's supervision (the 2074 Act's probation system — the good-conduct's conditional liberty); Parole — the early release's supervision (the life-sentence's review face); Disqualification-and-deprivation — the rights' loss (the office's forfeiture, the licence's revocation, the election's bar); The ancillary orders — the confiscation (the crime's proceeds); the publication of the judgment; the security-and-peace bonds (the preventive faces); The juvenile's separate menu — the Children's Act 2075's diversion philosophy (the no-jail principle below the minimum age; the reform-home-and-counselling's priority — Unit 5.3's Nepal face).