6.4 Chaupadi

The practice: the menstruation's exile — the woman's-and-girl's isolation during the period (the far-west's shed — the chaupadi goth); the harms: the death's-and-illness's faces (the snakebite, the cold, the suffocation — the shed's mortality); the school's absence (the period's education loss); the dignity's violation (the impurity's label). The law's line: the judicial foundation — the 2005 Supreme Court's chaupadi decision (the Dil Bahadur Bishwokarma case: the practice declared the wrong-and-harmful tradition; the government directed — the declaration's-and- awareness's orders, the study-committee's formation); the criminalisation's culmination: the Criminal Code 2074's chaupadi offence (the 2017-18's enactment-and-implementation: the exile's- and-forcing's criminalisation — the punishment's faces); the 2019-era's enforcement (the first cases' record). The audit (the classic law-vs-norms question): the practice's persistence despite the criminalisation (the 2019 Kathmandu-Post-era finding: "tradition defies the laws" — the criminal law's limits); the awareness's-and-infrastructure's necessity (the menstrual-health-and- hygiene's faces — the schools' facilities, the products' affordability); the deep-norm point: the criminal law punishes the practice; the education-and-development end it (the essay's craft). Exam Focus Long questions (the four-headed unit): (i) Any two practices' full craft (the definition-law-audit structure); (ii) The sexual harassment's statutory machinery; (iii) The chaupadi's judicial-to-criminal trajectory (the law-vs-norms essay). Short questions: the inquiry committee; the dowry-demand offence; the chaupadi goth; the witchcraft-accusation's victims' profile. Trick areas: (i) The sexual harassment's machinery is the 2071 Act…