3.3 Socialist and Chinese Legal System

The classic socialist system (the Soviet model — Unit 2.4's recap): the party's supremacy; the planned economy's law; the teleological interpretation; the people's courts with the assessors; the system's classical extinction (the 1989-91 transitions). The Chinese system (the socialist- market hybrid): the concept (the "socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics" — the Party's leadership + the market economy's regulation); the origin-and-development (the imperial tradition (the Confucian li-and-fa — the ritual-and-law dyad; the imperial codes' craft) → the Republic's continental borrowing → the Mao-era's legal nihilism (the mass campaigns' anti-law phase) → the 1978 Reform era's reconstruction (the "socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics" — the construction program) → the modern codification (the Civil Code 2020 — the seven-parts' unification)); the sources (the Constitution (the Party's leadership entrenched) + the NPC's legislation (the laws-and-regulations hierarchy) + the judicial interpretations (the SPC's quasi-legislative craft) + the policy's guidance); the courts (the four-level design: the basic- people's-intermediate-higher-and-SPC; the specialised faces (the IP courts, the maritime, the internet courts); the judiciary's Party-integration (the political-legal committees)); the profession (the revival's story: the lawyers' post-1980 rebirth; the bar's rapid growth; the legal-education explosion); the comparisons (the socialist CORE (the Party's supremacy — the classic continuity) + the market TECHNIQUE (the civil-law borrowing — the German-Japanese lineage) + the imperial CULTURE (the harmony-and-mediation preference — the…