3 Intelligence and morals

Russell argued that intelligence is the capacity to acquire knowledge and morals the disposition to use it for others' good, and that the two are independent: a clever person may be cruel, and a kind one may reason badly. His target was the assumption that education produces virtue automatically. The argument matters in professional ethics: legal training sharpens the first without guaranteeing the second, which is why codes of conduct exist rather than being left to good character.