6.2 Basic Human Rights Issues and Related Laws

6.2.1 Right to Basic Health Services and Related Laws • Article 35: the right to basic health services free of cost by law; emergency care not denied; equal access; clean water. • The Safe Motherhood and Reproductive Health Rights Act, 2075 (2018): every woman's right to safe motherhood and reproductive health services — maternity care, delivery, postnatal care, and the safe-abortion framework (Unit 8 details the abortion law), with the state's service duties and the free-care provisions' structure. • The Public Health Service Act, 2075 (2018): the health-system statute — services' tiers, public-health functions (immunization, epidemic control), and the health-financing framework. • The health insurance framework: the Health Insurance Act, 2075's route toward universal coverage. 6.2.2 Reproductive Rights and Related Laws Reproductive rights: decide freely the number and spacing of children; information and services; freedom from coercion and violence in reproductive matters. 1. Constitution: Article 38(2) — women's right to safe motherhood and reproductive health; Article 35's health rights; Article 18's equality. 2. Safe Motherhood Act 2075: the statutory consolidation (consent requirements, service standards, the abortion framework of Unit 8). 3. The ICPD Programme (1994) and CEDAW (party since 1991): the international anchors — reproductive health as a right, not a service favour. 4. The decided cases: the reproductive-rights litigation line — the two prescribed cases of this course (Unit…