The hierarchy (Unit 1 of Constitutional Law-I's method applied):
1. The Constitution — Article 25 (the property right's text and limits);
2. Statutes: the Muluki Civil Code 2074 (general property law); the land statutes — Land Act 2021, Land Acquisition Act 2034, Land Revenue Act 2034, Land Measurement and Survey Act 2019, Guthi Corporation Act 2033, Nepal Trust Act 2064; special statutes (IP: Patent, Design and Trademark Act 2022; Copyright Act 2059; condominium law; the Trust/society/company statutes for entities holding property);
3. Subordinate legislation: rules, notifications, ceiling-fixing orders, land-use directives;
4. Judicial decisions: the Supreme Court's property jurisprudence (Section 8; the prescribed cases);
5. Custom and usages: guthi practice, local tenure custom (where not displaced by statute), the usages of trade (IP's passing-off cousin);
6. Personal law's remnant: where the Code defers (some religious-usage questions in succession practice).