Law Info Nepal

7 Constitutional Provisions on Property Rights in Nepal

यो उत्तर युनिट १ मा छ — पूरै निःशुल्क।

Article 25 of the Constitution of Nepal (2015) — the text's architecture (quote theclauses):

• 25(1): every citizen shall, subject to laws, have the right to acquire, enjoy, own, sell, haveprofessional gains from, and otherwise utilize or dispose of property — with the Explanation that "property" means all types of movable and immovable property, andincludes intellectual property; and the proviso permitting progressive taxation of property and income;

• 25(2): the State shall not, except in the public interest, acquire, requisition or create any encumbrance on property — with the proviso excluding property acquired through illegal means;

• 25(3): where land is acquired under clause (2), the basis of compensation and therelevant procedure shall be as prescribed by Act;

• 25(4): clauses (2)–(3) shall not obstruct the State in land reform and management — raising productivity, professionalizing agriculture, environmental protection, managed housing and urban development;

• 25(5): property acquired for one public interest may be used for another public interest.

The design's reading (the analytical paragraph): a socially-conditioned property right — guaranteeing acquisition, use and disposal (the liberal core) while constitutionalizing the state's land-reform and planning powers (the social-democratic qualification) and requiring Act-based compensation for takings. Note what the Article does not say: no "adequate" compensation guarantee (only Act-prescribed), no absolute bar on ceilings — the constitutional settlement of a land-reform state.

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