1. The equality's three faces (the exam's core): the formal (the same-treatment (the law's symmetry (the identical-rules))); the substantive (the outcomes'-equality (the structures'- correction (the difference's recognition))); the transformative (the relations'-change (the power's rebalancing (the deepest face))).
2. The non-discrimination's law: the Art-18's verified catalogue (the 18(1) equal-before-law; the 18(2) the grounds' list (the sex-and-the-rest); the 18(3) the state's non-discrimination + the special-provision proviso (the affirmative's constitutional hook); the 18(4) equal-remuneration; **the 18(5) the parental-property's gender-bar)); the CEDAW's 1-and-2 (the definition-and-the- state's-duty); the ICESCR's 2(2)-and-3; the ICCPR's 2-and-26 (the grounds'-case-law lore).
3. The direct-vs-indirect distinction: the direct (the rule's face-animus (the "no-women" law)); the indirect (the neutral-rule's disparate-effect (the height-requirements-and-the-part-time lore (the disparate-impact's methodology))).
4. The equity (the fairness's cousin): the equity-vs-equality (the equal-treatment vs the fair- treatment (the needs'-responsiveness (the Aristotle's proportional lore)); the equity's operation (the targeted-provision (the 4.1's bridge to the affirmative-action))).