LAW5701 Law, Poverty and Development — Unit 2: Prospects and Challenges of Poverty Reduction in Nepal

Unit 2: Prospects and Challenges of Poverty Reduction in Nepal

2.1 Poverty Status in Nepal

The trajectory (the remarkable record (the honest hedging)): the monetary poverty’s decline (the NLSS’s story: the ~42-percent (1995-96) → the ~25 (2010) → the about-one-fifth latest (the 2022/23’s 20-percent-neighbourhood (the decade’s continued fall))); the multidimensional’s faster fall (the MPI’s halving (the 2014-2022’s record: the ~30-to-teens reduction)); the drivers (the remittances (the migration’s pro-poor paradox (the household’s consumption-floor)); the connectivity (the roads-and-electrification); the social-transfers’ growth; the education-and-health’s expansion). The persisting faces (the challenges): the region’s gaps (the Karnali-and-Sudurpashim’s concentration (the province-MPI’s divergence)); the caste-and-ethnic gaps (the Dalit’s disproportionate poverty); the vulnerability (the near-poor’s majority-risk (the shock-return’s ease)); the inequality’s rise (the Gini’s climb (the growth’s uneven capture)); the jobs’ deficit (the youth’s exodus (the domestic-employment’s failure)).

2.2 Policies and Programmes Adopted on Reducing Poverty

1. The plan-led frame: the NPC’s periodic plans (the approach-paper’s poverty chapters (the 15th plan’s “leaving-no-one-behind” (the socialism-oriented’s declared goal (the 16th plan’s continuation (the 2081/82-2085/86 span (the syllabus’s own reference))))).
2. The targeted programmes: the Poverty Alleviation Fund (the PAF (the community-driven (the 2004 establishment’s World-Bank-era))); the small-farmer-and-cooperative faces (the SFDB’s microfinance line); the microfinance’s institutionalisation (the wholesale-and-retail (the Grameen-model’s adaptation)).
3. The social-protection programmes (U3.1.6’s depth): the allowance’s family (the old-age; the single-women (the widow’s); the Dalit’s; the disability’s (the category-tiered)); the child-grant’s pilots (the Dalit-children’s face); the PM Employment Programme (the 2075 flagship (the 100-days’ guarantee-lore)); the Prime-Minister’s-employment-fund line; the mid-day-meal-and-the-school’s incentives; the health-insurance’s rollout (the Social Health Security’s faces).
4. The food-security’s faces: the school-meals; the food-distribution’s drought-response (the Karnali’s seasonal relief); the NFMA-and-the-FMTC’s buffer-and-distribution lore (the state-trading faces).

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