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Unit 4: Concept and Meaning of Development
4.1 Concept and Meaning of Development
The definitional journey (the poverty’s mirror (U1.1’s arc)):
- The growth-face (the classical): the GDP’s rise (the growth-as-development equation (the 1950s-era economics)); the growth’s insufficiency (the rising-tide’s failure (the trickle’s non-arrival)).
- The basic-needs face (the 1970s): the minimums’ provision (the ILO’s line (the poverty-redirect)).
- The capability face (Sen’s revolution): the development-as-freedom (the capabilities’ expansion (the beings-and-doings (the means-vs-ends (the poverty’s companion-definition (U1.1’s depth))))).
- The sustainable face (Brundtland 1987): the needs-of-the-present without the future’s compromise (the SD’s triangle (the economic-social-environmental (the LAW5603-U1’s companion))).
- The human face (UNDP’s line): the human-development (the HDI’s composite (the Amartya-and-Mahbub’s index (the people-centered)).
- The legal-institutional face (the course’s lens): the development as the rights’-realisation (the rule-of-law’s infrastructure (the Sen’s “development as freedom” legal reading (the law-as-enabler (the access-to-justice’s role (the LAW5503-U7 companion))))).
4.2 Rights-Based Approach to Development
The RBA (the paradigm’s shift): the development-as-rights (the beneficiaries → the rights-holders (the charity → the entitlement (the needs → the claims)); the state’s duty-correspondents (the respect-protect-fulfil’s triad (the HR’s methodology applied to the development)); The principles’ menu (the exam’s list): the participation (the affected’s voice (the community-driven’s discipline)); the accountability (the duty’s enforceability (the indicators-and-the-remedies)); the non-discrimination (the excluded’s priority (the equality’s substantive face)); the transparency (the information’s right (the Art 27’s companion)); the empowerment (the agency’s build). The tools: the HRBA’s programming (the UN’s common-understanding (the 2003’s frame)); the rights-based-development’s jurisprudence (the courts’ development-reading (the directives’-and-the-rights’ blend (the U3’s Nepali practice))); the critique (the rights’-rhetoric-vs-the-resources (the progressive-realisation’s honesty (the ICESCR’s 2(1) discipline))).
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