Evidence Law is the paper where precise, rule-by-rule answers score — and it matters again at the bar exam. This is the unit-wise list of the most important questions for the TU LL.B. Evidence Law paper (LAW 406).
Who is this for? TU LL.B. 2nd Year (Evidence Law, LAW 406) students — and B.A.LL.B. students of Evidence Law (LAW 5601).
Unit-wise important questions
Unit 1: Introduction
- Define evidence and explain its kinds with illustrations. (10)
- Explain the nature and importance of the law of evidence. (10)
- Trace the historical development of the law of evidence in Nepal. (10)
- Short notes: (a) admissibility vs. weight; (b) the Evidence Act 2031; (c) circumstantial evidence; (d) digital evidence’s arrival. (4×2.5)
Unit 2: Classification of Evidence
- Classify evidence on the basis of relevancy, explaining direct and circumstantial evidence with the chain’s logic. (10)
- Explain documentary, oral and material evidence with examples and the modern digital member. (10)
- Distinguish primary from secondary evidence. When is secondary evidence admissible? (10)
- “Circumstantial evidence is often more reliable than the eyewitness.” Discuss. (10)
Unit 3: Basic Principles of Law of Evidence
- Explain the basic principles of the law of evidence with illustrations. (15)
- “Hearsay is no evidence” — state the rule, its logic, and the exceptions. (10)
- Explain the principle of estoppel — elements, kinds and limits. (10)
- “One who asserts must prove.” Discuss with the criminal law’s special rule. (10)
Unit 4: Facts which Need or Need Not to Be Proved
- Explain the meaning and concept of facts — fact in law and fact in issue. (10)
- Which facts need to be proved, and which need not? Explain with the two-tier discipline. (15)
- What is judicial notice? State its kinds and limits. (10)
- Explain presumption — rebuttable, conclusive and the fact-law divide — with the burden’s function. (10)
Unit 5: Evidences when Admissible and Inadmissible
- Explain the law of confession — the conditions of admissibility and the retracted, extra-judicial and joint-trial species. (15)
- What is a dying declaration? Discuss its admissibility, conditions and weight. (10)
- Explain the admissibility of public documents, statistics and expert opinion. (10)
- Discuss the inadmissible evidence with the policy of each exclusion. (15)
Unit 6: Burden of Proof
- Distinguish the legal burden from the evidentiary burden, and explain the shifting of the burden. (15)
- Explain the preponderance of evidence in civil cases, contrasting it with the criminal standard. (10)
- How do the special laws — corruption, narcotics, trafficking — alter the burden of proof? Discuss with the constitutional discipline. (15)
- Explain the burden of proof under the Evidence Act, 2031, including the counterclaim’s burden. (10)
Unit 7: Prescribed Cases
- Discuss the facts, holding and principle of Baldev Upadhaya vs. Gita Bhattarai in the law of presumption and burden of proof. (10)
- “The defence assertion, like the accusation, needs proof.” Discuss with HMG vs. Devi Maya Ranabhatt. (10)
- Write short notes on any three prescribed cases with citations as printed in the syllabus. (3×5)
- How does the presumptive discipline of the special laws reflect in this course’s prescribed cases? Discuss. (10)
How to answer Evidence Law questions well
- Rules, not opinions: every answer should track the Evidence Act’s rules — relevancy, admissibility, competence — in order.
- Distinguish burden from standard of proof — mixing them up is the classic lost mark.
- Facts vs law: state whether the point is a fact to be proved, a presumption, or a question of law — clarity here carries the answer.
- For problem questions: list the facts in issue → the evidence offered → the rule that makes it admissible or not → conclusion.
Free resources before you buy anything
Start with the free Unit 1: Evidence Law Unit 1 (free). Unit 1 of every subject is free on this site; when you want every unit, prescribed cases, exam focus boxes and model answers, see the complete notes packages (Rs 300 per semester/year, instant eSewa payment).