LL.M Entrance Guide — Tribhuvan University (Pattern, Syllabus, 50 MCQs with Answers)

🎓 LL.M Entrance Guide — Tribhuvan University
Master of Laws (LL.M) entrance: pattern, syllabus, seats & application rules — plus 100 jurisprudence MCQs with answers, past papers & a scored mock test
Updated to the official notice for academic year 2081/082 (Dean’s Office, Faculty of Law, notice dated 2082/07/13)
100
total marks
50
MCQs × 1 — all jurisprudence
185
seats across 4 campuses
40%
minimum for merit list
📌 Cycle status (checked 2083/06/03): the 2083/084 LL.M entrance cycle has concluded; the next LL.M entrance notice is expected around Ashadh 2084. The syllabus map, 100-MCQ bank and mock test below stay valid — dates, fee and seats will be refreshed here the day the new notice drops. Verify at www.fol.edu.np.
📋 LL.M entrance at a glance (2081/082 notice)

Summarised from the official notice of the Dean’s Office, Faculty of Law, TU for academic year 2081/082 (notice dated 2082/07/13). Always re-confirm at www.fol.edu.np before applying.

Item Rule (per 2081/082 notice)
Who can apply Candidates who have passed a bachelor’s degree in law (or equivalent) on or before the last date of the application form; upload transcript, qualification certificate and citizenship certificate
Entrance fee Rs 1,800 — eSewa / Khalti / Connect IPS into the Faculty of Law Dean’s Office account at Nepal Bank Ltd (a/c 25700100192434000001); one mobile number = one applicant
Application form Online at www.fol.edu.np; check status (“Check your status”) on the same site
Form dates (this cycle) Kartik 20 – Mansir 5, 2082 (to midnight); second window Mansir 6 – Mansir 12, 2082 (to midnight)
Admit card Download from www.fol.edu.np after 4:00 PM on Mansir 21, 2082
Exam date Saturday, Mansir 27, 2082; centre published later. Past papers show an MCQ paper (50 min, 50 marks) plus a subjective paper (2 hrs 10 min, 50 marks)
Seats 185 total: Nepal Law Campus KTM — 4-sem (day) 50 & 6-sem (morning) 50; Prithvi Narayan Campus Pokhara — 6-sem (morning) 35; National Law College Lalitpur — 4-sem (day) 50
Merit & quota Merit list from entrance marks; 20% reserved seats; quota candidates need ≥40%; TU staff/children quota treated as 50% reserved seats
Help lines 9767656354, 9767656355, 9767656356, 9767656357, 9767656358 (Dean’s Office)
🧮 Exam pattern — 100 marks, ALL jurisprudence

The key change in the 2081/082 notice: every part of the paper is now tagged (Jurisprudence) — there is no constitutional law, criminal law, environmental law etc. in the entrance paper. Only Creative Writing steps outside jurisprudence, into contemporary issues.

# Type of question Subject Questions × marks Total
1 Objective questions (MCQ) Jurisprudence 50 × 1 50
2 Subject-wise long answer question Jurisprudence 1 × 20 20
3 Subject-wise short answer questions Jurisprudence 2 × 5 10
4 Creative Writing Contemporary issues 1 × 20 20
Total 100
⏱️ Time strategy (from past papers): MCQ paper = 50 minutes for 50 questions (~1 min each); subjective paper = 2 hrs 10 min for long answer (20) + two short answers (2×5) + Creative Writing (20). Practise both under the timer.
📚 Syllabus — jurisprudence, topic by topic

The notice says the entrance follows the law-bachelor (LL.B) level curriculum, and the pattern table confines the paper to jurisprudence. The past papers confirm it: all 50 MCQs and every subjective question of 2080/2081 (and the 2079 subjective paper) are jurisprudence. Revise these topic clusters — they cover everything the past papers have asked:

Natural law (Cicero, Aquinas, Grotius, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Fuller, Finnis)Analytical positivism (Austin, Kelsen’s Grundnorm, Hart)Sociological jurisprudence (Pound, Ehrlich, Duguit, Weber)Historical school (Savigny, Maine)American realism (Holmes, Frank, Llewellyn) & Scandinavian realism (Hägerström, Olivecrona, Ross, Lundstedt)Marxist & critical legal studies (Marx, Engels, Pashukanis, Kennedy, Unger)Feminist jurisprudence (Wollstonecraft, MacKinnon, Gilligan, Cornell)Postmodernism & law (Derrida, Lyotard)Rights & duties (Hohfeld’s jural relations, will vs interest theories)Ownership & possession (Honoré, Savigny, vested/contingent)Personality & corporate personality (Savigny, Gierke, Ihering, Brinz)Sources of law: legislation, precedent (stare decisis, ratio/obiter), custom, codification debateLaw & morals (Hart–Devlin), theories of justice (Aristotle, Rawls, Nozick)Interpretation maxims (ejusdem generis, noscitur a sociis, mischief rule…)Books & authors — who wrote whatContemporary issues for Creative Writing
💡 How the past paper distributes: roughly half the MCQs are “who said / who wrote what” (authors, books, maxims, school-attributions); the rest test concepts (rights, ownership, personality, sources, justice). The 50 practice + 50 past MCQs below mirror exactly that mix.
🏛️ Seats, campuses & reservation (2081/082)
Programme group Campus Seats
LL.M — 4-semester (day shift) Nepal Law Campus, Kathmandu 50
LL.M — 6-semester (morning shift) Nepal Law Campus, Kathmandu 50
LL.M — 6-semester (morning shift) Prithvi Narayan Campus, Pokhara 35
LL.M — 4-semester (day shift) National Law College, Lalitpur 50
Total 185

20% of seats are reserved, distributed as percentages of the reserved pool: women 20%, Adivasi/Janajati 16%, Madhesi 14%, Dalit 9%, persons with disabilities 9%, backward regions 7%, Muslim 7%, Tharu 10%, other minorities & economically disadvantaged 8% — plus one seat each for children of permanent TU teachers/staff. Quota candidates must still score ≥40%. Foreign students: 5% extra seats on open competition.

📝 How to apply — step by step
  1. Check eligibility: law bachelor’s degree passed (transcript + citizenship certificate ready).
  2. Fill the online form at www.fol.edu.np and pay Rs 1,800 via eSewa / Khalti / Connect IPS (your own name & mobile number).
  3. Upload scans: passport-size photo; citizenship certificate; qualification certificate & transcript (or equivalence certificate); quota documents/recommendations if claiming quota; your signature.
  4. Check your status on www.fol.edu.np and download the admit card once published (this cycle: after 4 PM, Mansir 21, 2082).
  5. Sit the exam (this cycle: Saturday Mansir 27, 2082) with the admit card — black ink pen, no electronic devices.
  6. Watch the merit list; if selected, submit at your campus within the announced window (usually 3 days).
🚨 Exam-day rules you must obey
  • Carry your admit card; without it you will not be allowed to sit.
  • Entry is allowed up to 30 minutes after the start; you may leave the hall only after one hour.
  • Sit in your allotted seat; changing seats needs the centre chief’s permission.
  • No mobiles, calculators, Bluetooth devices, iPads/tablets, earphones or smart watches inside the hall.
  • Write your roll/symbol number only in the designated box; elsewhere it cancels the answer sheet.
  • Use a black ink pen; tick (√) exactly one box per MCQ — two ticks or a torn sheet can invalidate the paper.
  • Sick or disabled candidates may get a scribe with the Dean’s Office / centre chief’s approval (application 3 days before the exam).
🎯 Practice MCQ bank — 100 jurisprudence questions with answers

Q1–Q50: original practice questions in the exact style of the entrance (schools, concepts, books/authors, maxims). Q51–Q100: the actual 50 MCQs of the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper with the circulated key. Set a 50-minute timer, mark (√) your choice on paper, then open each answer. Prefer auto-grading? Use the scored mock test below the answer key.

1. Natural Law School
Q1. “True law is right reason in agreement with nature” — this classic natural-law statement is by:
(a) Thomas Aquinas
(b) Aristotle
(c) Cicero
(d) John Locke
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) Cicero
Cicero’s Stoic formulation: true law is universal, unchanging right reason in harmony with nature.
Q2. The maxim “lex injusta non est lex” (an unjust law is not law) is most associated with:
(a) H.L.A. Hart
(b) Augustine / Aquinas
(c) John Austin
(d) O.W. Holmes
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Augustine / Aquinas
The natural-law tradition from Augustine through Aquinas holds that a law contradicting justice/morality lacks the character of law.
Q3. Lon L. Fuller’s contribution to natural-law thinking is the idea of:
(a) The basic norm
(b) Pure theory of law
(c) The inner morality of law
(d) Social engineering
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) The inner morality of law
Fuller argued law has an ‘inner morality’ — eight principles of legality (generality, publicity, non-retroactivity, clarity, etc.).
Q4. De Jure Naturae et Gentium (The Law of Nature and of Nations) was written by:
(a) Francisco Suárez
(b) Thomas Hobbes
(c) Hugo Grotius
(d) Samuel Pufendorf
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Samuel Pufendorf
Pufendorf systematised natural law in De Jure Naturae et Gentium (1672); Grotius wrote De Jure Belli ac Pacis.
Q5. Which of these thinkers is NOT part of the natural-law tradition?
(a) Cicero
(b) Lon Fuller
(c) John Finnis
(d) John Austin
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) John Austin
Austin is the founder of analytical positivism — the opposite camp from natural law.
2. Analytical Positivism (Austin, Kelsen, Hart)
Q6. John Austin defined law as:
(a) The command of the sovereign backed by sanction
(b) Predictions of what the courts will do
(c) Right reason in agreement with nature
(d) The aggregate of rules of conduct
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) The command of the sovereign backed by sanction
Austin’s imperative theory: law = command of a politically superior sovereign, enforced by sanction.
Q7. In Kelsen’s Pure Theory of Law, the ‘Grundnorm’ is:
(a) The command of the sovereign
(b) The constitution itself
(c) The presupposed basic norm that grounds the validity of all other norms
(d) Custom of the community
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) The presupposed basic norm that grounds the validity of all other norms
The Grundnorm is a transcendental presupposition (not a positive rule) from which the whole hierarchy of norms derives validity.
Q8. H.L.A. Hart described a mature legal system as the union of:
(a) Rules and commands
(b) Primary and secondary rules
(c) Law and morality
(d) Norms and sanctions
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Primary and secondary rules
In The Concept of Law (1961) Hart replaces Austin’s commands with primary rules (duties) + secondary rules (recognition, change, adjudication).
Q9. Hart famously compared Austin’s command theory to:
(a) A gunman situation writ large
(b) A chess game
(c) A social contract
(d) A market transaction
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) A gunman situation writ large
Hart’s critique: orders backed by threats (the gunman) cannot explain legal obligation, continuity or authority.
Q10. The core claim of legal positivism is:
(a) Law is founded on divine reason
(b) Law as it is can be separated from law as it ought to be
(c) Judges never make law
(d) Law and morality are necessarily connected
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Law as it is can be separated from law as it ought to be
Positivism (Austin, Kelsen, Hart) insists on the conceptual separation of law and morals.
3. Sociological Jurisprudence
Q11. The idea of law as ‘social engineering’ — balancing competing interests — is by:
(a) Roscoe Pound
(b) Léon Duguit
(c) Max Weber
(d) Eugen Ehrlich
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) Roscoe Pound
Pound viewed law as social engineering: satisfying the maximum of interests with the least friction and waste.
Q12. Eugen Ehrlich’s ‘living law’ means:
(a) Natural law
(b) Case law of the highest court
(c) Statutes passed by parliament
(d) The law actually practised in society, beyond formal sources
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) The law actually practised in society, beyond formal sources
Ehrlich: the centre of gravity of legal development lies in society itself — the living law dominates the norms on paper.
Q13. Léon Duguit grounded law and the state in:
(a) Sovereign command
(b) Divine will
(c) Class struggle
(d) Social solidarity
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Social solidarity
Duguit’s solidarism: objective law arises from social interdependence; even the state is bound by it.
Q14. The term ‘sociological jurisprudence’ itself is credited to:
(a) Roscoe Pound
(b) Karl Marx
(c) Jeremy Bentham
(d) Hans Kelsen
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) Roscoe Pound
Pound coined and programmed sociological jurisprudence in his early 20th-century essays.
Q15. Max Weber’s sociology of law is best known for analysing:
(a) The basic norm
(b) The inner morality of law
(c) Types of legal thought and rationality (formal/irrational etc.)
(d) Jural opposites
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) Types of legal thought and rationality (formal/irrational etc.)
Weber’s ideal types (formally/substrantively rational/irrational law) link legal systems to forms of authority.
4. Realism (American & Scandinavian)
Q16. “The prophecies of what the courts will do in fact, and nothing more pretentious, are what I mean by the law” — who said it?
(a) Jerome Frank
(b) Roscoe Pound
(c) Karl Llewellyn
(d) Oliver Wendell Holmes
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Oliver Wendell Holmes
Holmes, ‘The Path of the Law’ (1897) — the prediction/bad-man view that seeded American realism.
Q17. Rule-skepticism vs fact-skepticism: the FACT-skeptic among American realists is:
(a) Roscoe Pound
(b) Jerome Frank
(c) Lon Fuller
(d) Karl Llewellyn
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Jerome Frank
Jerome Frank stressed uncertainty of facts and judicial personality (‘hunch’); Llewellyn stressed uncertainty of rules.
Q18. Scandinavian realism (Hägerström, Olivecrona, Ross) is chiefly a:
(a) Critique of metaphysical concepts in law (rights, duty, ‘word magic’)
(b) Defence of natural rights
(c) Defence of judicial discretion
(d) Theory of codification
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) Critique of metaphysical concepts in law (rights, duty, ‘word magic’)
The Uppsala school attacked metaphysics in legal language — e.g. Ross called talk of rights ideological; Olivecrona analysed law as organised force and ‘independent imperatives’.
Q19. “Nonsense upon stilts” — the famous attack on natural rights — is by:
(a) John Austin
(b) Jeremy Bentham
(c) H.L.A. Hart
(d) Edmund Burke
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Jeremy Bentham
Bentham ridiculed the French Declaration’s natural rights as ‘nonsense upon stilts’.
Q20. Karl Llewellyn’s practical legacy in US law is:
(a) The inner morality of law
(b) The Pure Theory of Law
(c) The Uniform Commercial Code
(d) Social solidarity doctrine
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) The Uniform Commercial Code
Llewellyn, the contracts realist, was the leading drafter of the UCC.
5. Rights & Duties
Q21. The analysis of jural relations into eight correlatives (right–duty, privilege–no-right, power–liability, immunity–disability) is by:
(a) Hans Kelsen
(b) Rudolf von Ihering
(c) W.N. Hohfeld
(d) John Salmond
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) W.N. Hohfeld
Hohfeld’s scheme (1913/1917) is the standard tool for precise rights analysis — and a past-paper favourite.
Q22. The ‘interest theory’ of rights (a right protects an interest) traces back to:
(a) Robert Nozick
(b) Immanuel Kant
(c) H.L.A. Hart
(d) Jeremy Bentham / Ihering
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Jeremy Bentham / Ihering
Ihering defined rights as legally protected interests; Bentham likewise grounded rights in interests/utility. The rival ‘will/choice theory’ follows Kant/Hart.
Q23. “A right is an interest recognised and protected by a rule of law” — this definition is by:
(a) Kelsen
(b) John Salmond
(c) Pound
(d) Austin
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) John Salmond
Salmond’s Elements: a right is an interest protected by law; its correlative is a duty.
Q24. A duty that corresponds to a right residing in a determinate person is called a:
(a) Absolute duty
(b) Relative (positive) duty
(c) Imperfect duty
(d) Moral duty
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Relative (positive) duty
Relative duties answer to rights in specific persons; absolute duties (e.g. to the state) have no correlative right in a determinate individual.
Q25. Natural rights to life, liberty and property are central to the political theory of:
(a) Karl Marx
(b) Thomas Hobbes
(c) John Locke
(d) Jeremy Bentham
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) John Locke
Locke’s Second Treatise: pre-political natural rights that government exists to protect.
6. Ownership & Possession
Q26. Ownership analysed as a ‘bundle of rights’ (possession, use, management, income, capital…) is the work of:
(a) Rudolf von Ihering
(b) John Salmond
(c) Friedrich Carl von Savigny
(d) A.M. Honoré
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) A.M. Honoré
Honoré’s eleven incidents of ownership (1961) remain the classic analysis.
Q27. Savigny’s two elements of possession are:
(a) Corpus possessionis and animus possidendi
(b) Fact and law
(c) Use and abuse
(d) Title and deed
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) Corpus possessionis and animus possidendi
Physical control (corpus) + intention to possess (animus) — Savigny’s subjective theory.
Q28. Vested ownership differs from contingent ownership because in vested ownership:
(a) The right is complete and present, even if enjoyment is future
(b) The right depends on an uncertain future event
(c) There is no legal title
(d) Only possession exists
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) The right is complete and present, even if enjoyment is future
Vested = present complete title (enjoyment may be deferred); contingent = title waits on an uncertain condition.
Q29. “Possession is nine points of the law” expresses that:
(a) Only written title matters
(b) Possession always defeats true title
(c) Possession is prima facie evidence of ownership and strongly protected
(d) Ownership is irrelevant in law
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) Possession is prima facie evidence of ownership and strongly protected
Possession serves as evidence of ownership, ripens into title (prescription) and is itself protected against dispossession.
Q30. Ownership of incorporeal things (e.g. copyright, patent) is called:
(a) Incorporeal ownership
(b) Corporeal ownership
(c) Co-ownership
(d) Sole ownership
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) Incorporeal ownership
When the object owned is a right/intangible, ownership is incorporeal — Salmond’s classification.
7. Personality
Q31. Legal personality means:
(a) Capacity to be a bearer of rights and duties
(b) Having citizenship
(c) Being a human being
(d) Being registered as a company
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) Capacity to be a bearer of rights and duties
A ‘person’ in law is any being to whom law ascribes rights and duties — humans, corporations, and in some systems idols, rivers, etc.
Q32. The fictitious theory of corporate personality (a company is an artificial person created by law) is associated with:
(a) Friedrich Carl von Savigny
(b) Otto von Gierke
(c) Brinz
(d) Rudolf von Ihering
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) Friedrich Carl von Savigny
Savigny: only humans are real persons; corporations are legal fictions. Gierke led the realist/organic reaction.
Q33. The ‘bracket theory’ (look behind the bracket to the real human beneficiaries) is by:
(a) Gierke
(b) Kelsen
(c) Savigny
(d) Rudolf von Ihering
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Rudolf von Ihering
Ihering: the corporation is a bracket concealing the actual persons who hold the rights.
Q34. Brinz’s ‘purpose theory’ treats corporate property as:
(a) Property of the state
(b) Ownerless property
(c) Property of the members jointly
(d) Property belonging to a purpose, not to persons
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Property belonging to a purpose, not to persons
Brinz: the patrimony serves a purpose (Zweckvermögen); no human subject is needed.
Q35. Which of the following is a legal person in Nepal?
(a) An unborn child in all respects
(b) A company registered under the Companies Act
(c) A dead person
(d) A pet animal
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) A company registered under the Companies Act
Registered companies have separate legal personality; Nepali law does not generally treat animals or the dead as persons.
8. Sources of Law
Q36. The doctrine ‘stare decisis’ means:
(a) Statutes override custom
(b) Equity follows the law
(c) Courts follow earlier decisions (precedents)
(d) The king is above the law
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) Courts follow earlier decisions (precedents)
Stare decisis et non quieta movere — stand by things decided; the backbone of case-law systems.
Q37. The binding part of a precedent is the:
(a) Obiter dicta
(b) Headnote
(c) Ratio decidendi
(d) Dissent
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) Ratio decidendi
Ratio = the reason for the decision (binding); obiter = sayings by the way (persuasive only).
Q38. The declaratory theory of precedent (judges do not make law, they discover it) is associated with:
(a) Cardozo
(b) Blackstone
(c) Holmes
(d) Bentham
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Blackstone
Blackstone’s view; Bentham and later realists attacked it as a ‘fairy tale’.
Q39. A valid custom as a source of law must be:
(a) Universal across the country
(b) Approved by parliament
(c) Ancient, continuous, certain, reasonable and not contrary to law
(d) Written and registered
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) Ancient, continuous, certain, reasonable and not contrary to law
These are the classic requirements of a legally binding custom (local or general).
Q40. The great champion of codification of law was:
(a) Savigny
(b) Henry Maine
(c) James Carter
(d) Jeremy Bentham
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Jeremy Bentham
Bentham campaigned for complete rational codification; Savigny and the historical school resisted it.
9. Law & Morals, Justice & Interpretation
Q41. The Hart–Devlin debate concerned:
(a) Whether precedent binds
(b) Whether contracts need consideration
(c) Whether law may enforce morality
(d) Whether customs are law
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) Whether law may enforce morality
Following the Wolfenden Report: Devlin defended legal enforcement of shared morality; Hart defended individual liberty (following Mill’s harm principle).
Q42. Distributive and corrective (rectificatory) justice were distinguished by:
(a) Nozick
(b) Aristotle
(c) Rawls
(d) Plato
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Aristotle
Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics, Book V — the classic taxonomy of justice.
Q43. The maxim ‘ejusdem generis’ in interpretation means:
(a) General words following specific words are read as of the same kind
(b) Expressing one thing excludes another
(c) Statutes must be read literally
(d) A law is known by its associates
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) General words following specific words are read as of the same kind
Ejusdem generis limits a general term to things of the same genus as the listed specifics.
Q44. ‘Noscitur a sociis’ means the meaning of a word is gathered from:
(a) The dictionary alone
(b) The preamble
(c) The words accompanying it
(d) The headnote
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) The words accompanying it
A word is known by its associates — context within the series colours the meaning.
Q45. The mischief rule of statutory interpretation comes from:
(a) Kesavananda Bharati
(b) Heydon’s Case (1584)
(c) Marbury v Madison
(d) Salomon v Salomon
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Heydon’s Case (1584)
Heydon’s Case: look at the defect/mischief the statute was meant to remedy and suppress the mischief, advance the remedy.
10. Books, Authors & Maxims
Q46. The Concept of Law (1961) was written by:
(a) Ronald Dworkin
(b) John Rawls
(c) H.L.A. Hart
(d) Hans Kelsen
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) H.L.A. Hart
Hart’s masterpiece of modern positivism — rules of recognition, internal point of view, minimum content of natural law.
Q47. ‘A Theory of Justice’ (justice as fairness) is by:
(a) Robert Nozick
(b) Michael Sandel
(c) John Rawls
(d) Ronald Dworkin
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) John Rawls
Rawls (1971): the veil of ignorance, the two principles of justice.
Q48. ‘Law’s Empire’ and the idea of law as integrity are by:
(a) H.L.A. Hart
(b) Lon Fuller
(c) Joseph Raz
(d) Ronald Dworkin
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Ronald Dworkin
Dworkin’s interpretivist theory: law as integrity, principles, rights as trumps, Judge Hercules.
Q49. The maxim ‘ignorantia juris neminem excusat’ means:
(a) Ignorance of law excuses no one
(b) Law helps the vigilant
(c) The court helps those who help themselves
(d) Ignorance of fact excuses
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) Ignorance of law excuses no one
Everyone is presumed to know the law — mistake of law is no defence.
Q50. The Province of Jurisprudence Determined (1832) is the founding text of:
(a) Analytical positivism (Austin)
(b) Legal realism
(c) Natural law revival
(d) Sociological jurisprudence
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) Analytical positivism (Austin)
Austin’s lectures established analytical jurisprudence in English.
11. Past Paper MCQs — TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 (actual questions)
Q51. ‘The specific character of law as a means of social control’ is stated by ….
(a) Roscoe Pound
(b) H.L.A. Hart
(c) Banakar
(d) Joseph Raz
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) Roscoe Pound
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q52. Who is well known for the propounder of liberalism?
(a) J.S. Mill
(b) Abraham Lincoln
(c) Thomas Jefferson
(d) John Locke
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) John Locke
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q53. Jurimetrics technique in jurisprudence is forwarded by….
(a) Eugen Ehrlich
(b) O. W. Holmes
(c) Lee Loevinger
(d) Karl Llewellyn
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) O. W. Holmes
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q54. Which one author defined jurisprudence as ‘A work on law may be concerned with any or all of three questions: first, what is the law? Second, what ought to be law? Third, what is the history of law?’
(a) A.V. Dicey
(b) Blackstone
(c) Sir Henry Maine
(d) F.K.V. Savigny
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) A.V. Dicey
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q55. User theory of law is advanced and studied by….
(a) Sociologist, Max Weber
(b) Historical jurist, Sir Henry Maine
(c) Anthropologist, Laura Nader
(d) None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) Anthropologist, Laura Nader
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q56. Natural Law and Natural Rights is the work of ….
(a) L.L. Fuller
(b) J.S. Mill
(c) John Finnis
(d) Cicero
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) John Finnis
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q57. Relational approach of law was best explained by….
(a) Pashukanis
(b) Karl von Savigny
(c) Roscoe Pound
(d) Karl Marx
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) Roscoe Pound
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q58. Who is the well-known author to advance the economic analysis of law?
(a) Ronald Coase
(b) Richard A. Posner
(c) Vilfredo Pareto
(d) All of the given
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Richard A. Posner
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q59. Which one jurist applied descriptive sociology to theorize the positivist conception of law?
(a) Jeremy Bentham
(b) Hans Kelsen
(c) Joseph Raz
(d) H.L.A. Hart
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) H.L.A. Hart
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q60. ‘Law is an aspect of the social totality, not just the tail of the dog’ is a critique by….
(a) A. Thompson
(b) Duncan Kennedy
(c) Noam Chomsky
(d) Roberto M. Unger
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Duncan Kennedy
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q61. Find the INCORRECT relevancy in the following legal scholars and their thesis.
(a) Thomas Aquinas — law of God is practical, thus binding upon all
(b) Austin — the constitution guarantees the fundamental rights of citizens
(c) Bentham — judge-made law can be a source of law
(d) All of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Austin — the constitution guarantees the fundamental rights of citizens
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q62. Who is the author of ‘Rights of Man’?
(a) Aristotle
(b) J.S. Mill
(c) Immanuel Kant
(d) Thomas Paine
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Thomas Paine
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q63. The idea of reason has a vital practical value which can oblige every legislator — put forward by….
(a) Cicero
(b) Aristotle
(c) Kant
(d) Hegel
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) Kant
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q64. ‘Like a harlot, natural law is at the disposal of everyone’ is stated by the jurist….
(a) Aquinas
(b) Alf Ross
(c) Del Vecchio
(d) Pufendorf
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Alf Ross
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q65. … theorized the idea of skepticism in jurisprudence.
(a) H.L.A. Hart
(b) Jeremy Bentham
(c) Friedrich Nietzsche
(d) Jerome Frank
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Jerome Frank
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q66. ‘The Constitutional State’ is heavily criticized as ‘mirage’ and rejected by the Marxist jurist….
(a) Friedrich Engels
(b) Karl Renner
(c) P. Yudin
(d) Evgeny N. Pashukanis
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Evgeny N. Pashukanis
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q67. The famous book by Robert Nozick, Anarchy, State and Utopia, is about….
(a) Justify the redistribution of property
(b) Show the injustice in redistribution of property
(c) Establish the welfare state
(d) Promote utilitarianism
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Show the injustice in redistribution of property
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q68. … treated the law not as solution of the dispute but just as the theory of prediction.
(a) Naturalism
(b) Capitalism
(c) Realism
(d) Marxism
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) Realism
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q69. What can be the meaning of ‘basic norm’ for Kelsen in his pure theory of law?
(a) Basic norm is the command of sovereign
(b) Basic norm is the law-making power
(c) Basic norm is the aggregate of rules
(d) All of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) All of the above
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q70. Who is the author of ‘Of Grammatology’?
(a) Kafka
(b) Lyotard
(c) Derrida
(d) None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) Derrida
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q71. Equality of resources ensures fair choices on the basis of market — advocated by….
(a) Robert Nozick
(b) John Rawls
(c) Ronald Dworkin
(d) F.A. Hayek
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) Ronald Dworkin
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q72. The historic book ‘A Vindication of the Rights of Woman’ is written by….
(a) Andrea Dworkin
(b) Mary Wollstonecraft
(c) Catharine A. MacKinnon
(d) Katherine T. Bartlett
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Mary Wollstonecraft
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q73. H.L.A. Hart’s attempt to theorize on the basis of description of a neutral observer is seriously critiqued (description by a responsible observer) by….
(a) Ronald Dworkin
(b) L.L. Fuller
(c) John Rawls
(d) John Finnis
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) Ronald Dworkin
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q74. Which school of law does not prefer to study the law by linking the issues of justice?
(a) Marxism
(b) Realism
(c) Feminism
(d) Positivism
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Positivism
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q75. Which theory of right explicitly advances the right of animals?
(a) Will theory of right
(b) Interest theory of right
(c) Theories of human right
(d) None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Interest theory of right
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q76. ‘Law and Modern Mind’ is written by….
(a) St. Augustine
(b) C.K. Allen
(c) Hans Kelsen
(d) Jerome N. Frank
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Jerome N. Frank
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q77. Realists argue that the legal profession should….
(a) Ignore social implications
(b) Adhere strictly to tradition
(c) Focus solely on legal texts
(d) Embrace interdisciplinary approaches
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Embrace interdisciplinary approaches
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q78. Which Marxist thinker expanded upon the idea of the law as social construct?
(a) Karl Korsch
(b) F.A. Hayek
(c) Herbert Marcuse
(d) Louis Althusser
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Louis Althusser
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q79. ‘Legislation is the exercise of legal powers in creating legal rights and duties’ is stated by….
(a) Bentham
(b) Salmond
(c) Holland
(d) H.L.A. Hart
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) Bentham
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q80. ‘To follow the law is to be just’ is the expression of….
(a) Immanuel Kant
(b) G.W. Hegel
(c) Josef Kohler
(d) Gustav Radbruch
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) Immanuel Kant
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q81. The jurist who calls the theory of state sovereignty a myth is:
(a) Jethro Brown
(b) Léon Duguit
(c) A.V. Dicey
(d) Lord Lloyd
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Léon Duguit
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q82. Who was NOT in favour of codification of law?
(a) Jeremy Bentham
(b) Henry Maine
(c) K.V. Savigny
(d) John Austin
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) K.V. Savigny
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q83. The jurist who is NOT a supporter of the declaratory theory of precedent:
(a) Blackstone
(b) James Carter
(c) Jeremy Bentham
(d) O.W. Holmes
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) Jeremy Bentham
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q84. The jurist who does not consider international law mere positive morality is:
(a) Austin
(b) Willoughby
(c) Holland
(d) Dias
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) Austin
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q85. The doctrine of prospective overruling was formulated by:
(a) W. Holmes
(b) B.N. Cardozo
(c) K. Llewellyn
(d) J. Frank
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) B.N. Cardozo
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q86. The predominantly secular code was/is:
(a) Hammurabi Code
(b) Manusmriti
(c) Twelve Tables
(d) Hebrew Code
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) Hammurabi Code
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q87. The concept of Rule of Law is strongly opposed by:
(a) Feminists
(b) Crits
(c) Marxists
(d) Post-modernists
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) Marxists
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q88. Which one is NOT a merit of precedent?
(a) Practicability
(b) Certainty
(c) Flexibility
(d) Retrospective
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Retrospective
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q89. Strong criticizer of metaphysics is:
(a) Axel Hägerström
(b) Karl Olivecrona
(c) Alf Ross
(d) A.V. Lundstedt
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) Axel Hägerström
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q90. Who is a radical feminist?
(a) Mary Wollstonecraft
(b) Catharine MacKinnon
(c) Carol Gilligan
(d) Drucilla Cornell
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Catharine MacKinnon
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q91. ‘In the whole world there can be no study so beneficial and so elevating as that of the Upanishads’ is the expression of:
(a) D.D. Basu
(b) Yogi Naraharinath
(c) Max Müller
(d) B.N.M. Tripathi
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) Max Müller
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q92. The jurist who denies the existence of private rights:
(a) Joseph Raz
(b) Léon Duguit
(c) Eugen Ehrlich
(d) W.N. Hohfeld
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (b) Léon Duguit
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q93. The jurist who claimed jurisprudence as ‘lawyer’s extra version’:
(a) Wendell Holmes
(b) Frederick Pollock
(c) Julius Stone
(d) Jerome Frank
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) Julius Stone
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q94. The international aspect of sovereignty, in the relation of the state to its citizen, was worked out by….
(a) Montesquieu
(b) Jean Bodin
(c) Hugo Grotius
(d) Machiavelli
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (c) Hugo Grotius
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q95. Legislation and taxation are which type of functions of the state?
(a) Primary functions
(b) Secondary functions
(c) Both of the above
(d) None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) Primary functions
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q96. Which one is NOT a maxim of interpretation?
(a) Ejusdem generis
(b) Expressio unius exclusio alterius
(c) Noscitur a sociis
(d) Audi alteram partem
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Audi alteram partem
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q97. Social solidarity and law is studied by….
(a) Marx & Engels
(b) Ihering & Duguit
(c) Duguit & Ehrlich
(d) Durkheim & Duguit
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Durkheim & Duguit
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q98. Hart described various rules; among them the primary rule which practically can be identified and described as….
(a) Sovereign command
(b) Constitution
(c) Custom
(d) Social obligations
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Social obligations
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q99. Which book of Aristotle describes the various ideas of justice?
(a) Nicomachean Ethics
(b) Politics
(c) The Quest of Justice
(d) All of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (a) Nicomachean Ethics
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
Q100. Kelsen claimed the pure theory of law because….
(a) Law serves the fundamental objectives of society such as justice and security
(b) Law depends on command but not on any others
(c) Law satisfies the social and religious requirements
(d) Law concerns nothing about religion and politics
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (d) Law concerns nothing about religion and politics
Past question from the TU LL.M Entrance 2080/2081 paper — answer as per the circulated key.
🔑 Answer key (Q1–Q100)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
(2) (1) (2) (3) (3) (0) (2) (1) (0) (1)
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
(0) (3) (3) (0) (2) (3) (1) (0) (1) (2)
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
(2) (3) (1) (1) (2) (3) (0) (0) (2) (0)
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
(0) (0) (3) (3) (1) (2) (2) (1) (2) (3)
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
(2) (1) (0) (2) (1) (2) (2) (3) (0) (0)
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
(0) (3) (1) (0) (2) (2) (2) (1) (3) (1)
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
(1) (3) (2) (1) (3) (3) (1) (2) (3) (2)
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
(2) (1) (0) (3) (1) (3) (3) (3) (0) (0)
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
(1) (2) (2) (0) (1) (0) (2) (3) (0) (1)
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
(2) (1) (2) (2) (0) (3) (3) (3) (0) (3)
🧠 Scored mock test — auto-graded in your browser

A real exam simulator built from the full 100-question bank above: random questions, shuffled options, a 1-minute-per-question countdown with auto-submit, instant score with the 40% merit-line verdict, and a full question-by-question review with explanations.

⏱️ LL.M Entrance Mock Test
Random questions from the 100-question jurisprudence bank (practice + past paper), options shuffled. Timer = 1 minute per question, exactly like the real MCQ paper. Your score and a full review appear at the end. Nothing is uploaded — it all runs in your browser.

📄 Past subjective papers — 2081 & 2079

Both papers are pure jurisprudence + a contemporary-issue essay — the perfect blueprint for your long/short answers and Creative Writing practice.

LL.M Entrance 2081 (50 marks, 2 hrs 10 min)
  • Long (1×20): Contribution of Renaissance intellectual philosophers (Grotius, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau) to social contract theory; or normative jurisprudence — evaluating legal rules against a standard of ‘good’ law (what law ought to be), critical viewpoint.
  • Short (any 2 × 5): (a) Hans Kelsen’s Pure Theory of Law; (b) Hohfeld’s jural relations in diagrammatic form; (c) core areas of the future direction of law.
  • Creative Writing (English, ≤300 words, 1×20): key measures to control corruption effectively in Nepal; or does the rule of law truly exist in Nepal?
LL.M Entrance 2079 (50 marks, 2 hrs 10 min)
  • Long (1×20): “Legal system is a hierarchy of norms… the Grundnorm gives legitimacy to all other norms” — explain via Kelsen’s Pure Theory; or “the 19th century was hostility towards the Natural School of Law” — critical opinion.
  • Short (any 2 × 5): (a) merits & demerits of precedent as a source of law; (b) vested and contingent ownership; (c) personality and its theories.
  • Creative Writing (English compulsory, ≤300 words, 1×20): assess Nepal’s federal constitution — will it deliver speedy, balanced development with peace and harmony?; or independence of the judiciary under the Constitution of Nepal.
✍️ Answer-writing & Creative Writing tips
  • Long answer (20): introduce the school/jurist → core thesis with exact terminology (Grundnorm, social engineering, ratio decidendi…) → criticisms → your balanced conclusion. ~3–4 pages.
  • Short answers (2×5): define → elements/classification → one example or diagram (Hohfeld’s squares score well drawn).
  • Creative Writing (20, English, ≤300 words): prepare reusable frameworks for: corruption control; rule of law in Nepal; federalism; judicial independence; AI & the legal profession; cybercrime & free speech; climate justice; transitional justice.
  • MCQ speed: drill the “who wrote what / who said what” pairs daily — they are half the past paper.
📅 A 4-week jurisprudence revision plan
Week Focus Daily routine
Week 1 Natural law + analytical positivism (Austin, Kelsen, Hart) 25 MCQs/day from this page; 1 long-answer outline (e.g. social contract theory)
Week 2 Sociological, historical, realist, Marxist, feminist & postmodern schools 25 MCQs/day; drill books/authors pairs; 1 short-answer set
Week 3 Concepts: rights & duties (Hohfeld), ownership, possession, personality, sources of law 25 MCQs/day; draw Hohfeld’s diagram from memory; 1 Creative Writing essay every 2 days
Week 4 Maxims, justice theories, law & morals + full mocks One timed 50-MCQ mock every alternate day; redo the 2080/81 past paper; revise the answer key & weak areas
🔗 Free related material on this site
⚠️ Disclaimer: unofficial study aid by Law Info Nepal, compiled from the Faculty of Law Dean’s Office notices for 2081/082 (dated 2082/07/13) and 2080/81, and from circulated past papers (2080/81 MCQ key as circulated — discuss any disputed key with your teacher). Rules, dates, seats and fees change every cycle — verify at www.fol.edu.np.
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